Monday, December 24, 2012

TOM HARPUR, THE PAGAN CHRIST (BOOK REPORT 18)

(One’s level of piety, whether devotional or practical, depends much on knowledge being either learned or misconceived. In these analyses we have made mention, occasionally, of books that either help or hinder the grand object of piety. It seems natural, consequently, to supplement the analyses, now and again, with correlating book reports.)


GABOURY’S CRITICAL BOOK REPORT

Tom Harpur, The Pagan Christ (Toronto: Thomas Allen Publishers, 2004), 244 pp.



In 1985 the Jesus Seminar was founded. The scholars involved in that decided there was nothing divine and miraculous about Jesus and his life (p. 138.) But the chief flaw in the Seminar’s approach, says Harpur, is that the Gospels and the book of Acts were assumed to be historical records. Tom Harpur doubts that Jesus even lived! (p. 158.) His mission, I guess, is to take heresy to a new low. His ‘Christian’ belief is that Christ never existed. A controversial idea sells a lot of books. 

Jesus is a mythical God-Man clothed in historical dress (p. 20.) This myth has been wrongly treated as biography (p. 85.) ‘Christian third-century falsifiers’ are to blame for turning this mythical life of Jesus into literal fact (p. 113.) This literalist thinking is the cause of ‘most of the atrocities committed by the Church’ and it made the Holocaust possible (p. 186.) Even “the Dark Ages—and so much more—were the eventual result” (pp. 3, 179.) In light of such revelations, and judgments of history, Harpur’s apologies to offended Christians might seem like hollow words. The truth is, when atrocities were committed by the Church, superstition was the cause, routinely, not myth, neither literalism, and the Church of Rome was usually to blame. What Mr. Harper calls literalist thinking is not as bad as he claims it is. If Hitler, for example, had worshiped a literal Saviour who commands literal love to all, would this not have prevented the Holocaust?
               
Tom Harper maintains that the story of Jesus was literalized to satisfy people who craved a political saviour (p. 157) and to win over the uneducated multitudes (p. 179.) The story of Jesus is just a spin-off from the story of Egypt’s mythological sun-god Osiris/Horus (p. 80.) Even the Old Testament is ‘almost purely allegorical’ (p. 122.) It’s all, or nearly all, just ‘borrowed…Paganism’ (p. 79.) Hence the title, The Pagan Christ. 

Harper’s claim comes down to this: the roots of Christianity are not historical, but mythological. The Pagan Christ is a smoothly told story, and progressively persuasive too. The holes in Harpur’s design are hastily patched over, yes; but unbelievers are okay with that. And the literary glaze on top will serve as pleasure, if not proof. If we were to never mind the context, some of the sayings that Harpur included, remolded, or created, are beautifully orthodox: “Jesus…a man whose mission was so mighty that stars led the way and angels choired and heavenly hallelujahs mingled with earthly songs to celebrate the descent of deity to the planet” (p. 169.) Scholarship seems to ring through Harper’s choice and positioning of words: “Egypt was truly the cradle of the Jesus figure of the Gospels” (p. 77.) This is a seducing piece of academic artwork.

There is no good reason, however, why this rewrite of history should seduce anyone. There is an easy way to finding out whether a scholar should be believed or not. Just get an answer to the question, ‘Does he present his material in a manner worthy of a scholar’? If not, he is either incompetent, or devious; in either case he should not be trusted. Here are several instances of concern. (1) His position is that the life of Jesus is not historical, but just a legend derived from Egypt’s dreamed up gods. That sounds like a monumental discovery! Should we not be given more than a snippet here and there from the Egyptian source to show the similarity between Christ and the Egyptian sun deities and their stories or teachings? So and so said that this and that from the Bible are borrowed, Harper says. Should rumors be sufficient to convince that a literal saving religion is just an empty useless mythology and that the Saviour is nothing more than an Idea? When a parallel is actually cited for proof, this is what it looks like: “’Two thieves of the light’…Here, indeed, would appear to be the authentic Christian prototype of the Gospel Crucifixion between two thieves” (pp. 208, 209.) Is that enough for you? (2) On page 20 Harper states that C. S. Lewis failed to justify the reality of the Lord’s miracles in his book, Miracles. But he does not show how Lewis failed on these ‘philosophical and other grounds.’ Is that scholarly? (3) On page 216 Harpur says that Jesus used the esoteric wisdom of the gnostics when he taught; in other words, that Jesus taught allegory, not literal truth. But Harpur fails to mention that Jesus explained his parables. Tom Harpur is a New Testament scholar? (4) “For Matthew, Jesus’ hometown was Bethlehem. For Luke, it was Nazareth” (p. 126.) Is that good homework? Can Sunday school kids not harmonize the Gospels better? Who does not know that Jesus was born in one place and grew up in another? (5) On page 27 Harpur says that Augustine thought Socrates was “as grand a Christian as any churchly saint or martyr.” Since this information is given as a proof that Christianity existed as a pagan religion long before it was literalized, should we not be directed to where, chapter and verse, this was said? Here is what Augustine thought of Socrates by the time he wrote The City of God, “It is not easy to discover clearly what he himself [Plato] thought on various matters, any more than it is to discover what were the opinions of Socrates” (Book 8, No. 4.) (6) On page 215 Harpur quotes Galatians 4.24, “Which things [the story of Abraham’s offspring] contain an allegory.” Then he comments, “In other words, what seems like a historical narrative is not one at all.” But the verse says that the account contains an allegory, not that it is one. Harpur knows better. (7) On page 84 it is made to appear that it was written of the god Horus that he was ‘the Way, the Truth and the Life.’ But Harpur is just quoting John 14.6 there without giving the reference. Does he really believe that he has found the lost origin and meaning of the Bible? He must have nagging doubts; otherwise he would not resort to trickery to convince us of his view. From my notes I could show more examples of his unscholarly methods. But I have run out of room. Yet I have shown enough to assure the reader that Harpur’s pagan pyramid is not worth a hill of beans: he has proven himself untrustworthy by his mishandling of material and sources.    

This New Age gnosticism will score a lot of points with persons who are ignorant of the Bible and history—but mostly with persons who just hate to think that Jesus is real and the only way to heaven. Imagine, no sins to repent of because man is not fallen (p. 202), no obedience necessary because there are no creeds (p. 183), and no final judgment (p. 97.) What’s not to like? To complete the fantasy, Harpur says that Jesus demanded no confession of faith for salvation (pp. 200, 201.) What would that look like if he did? “Whosoever shall confess me before men, him shall the Son of man also confess before the angels of God” (Luke 12. 8.) And so verse 9, “But he that denieth me before men shall be denied before the angels of God.” Tom Harper is in denial, literally.

Content: C  (An evil dose of heresy to stir up your zeal.)
    Style: A- (Sparkles of literature marred by heretical meaning.)
    Tone: C  (Sinister.)

Grading Table: A: a keeper: reread it; promote it; share it.
                         B: an average book: let it go.
                         C: read only if you have to.

Monday, December 10, 2012

BALMORAL BIBLE CHAPEL, WHO ARE YOU AND WHERE ARE YOU GOING? (SERMON ANALYSIS 5)


August 2011

This is the fifth sermon of Mr. Lane’s that we have chosen to review. We listened by podcast.

Mr. Lane, Balmoral Bible Chapel, Who are You and Where are You Going?

Summary: These two questions apply to Jesus and to us. (An anecdote follows about a person who got lost.) When you’re lost, it requires that you turn around. We must consider these questions for ourselves, and a further one, ‘Can I get there from here?’ (He reads from John 8.21-30, while the congregation stands.) Jesus tells the Pharisees that they will look for him, but will not find him, and will die in their sins. They had in mind that he would commit suicide and then go to Hades, while they would be okay for being pleasing to God. Since the Bible says, ‘Seek and you will find,’ etc., why was it that Jesus said they would not find him? (He reads from Jeremiah 29.12.) You have to seek God with all your heart, recognizing your need, being ready to respond. (He reads from Zepheniah 2.3) We must search in humility and be ready to obey. Many were not looking in this way. Jesus says to them, ‘You will die in your sin.’ What would this sin be for the Pharisees? Arrogance, for they were whited sepulchres. Their heart was not with him. The bigger sin is that they would not believe who Jesus was. If we come with a heart of unbelief, if we refuse to accept that Jesus is who he says he is, then there is no hope for us. So now to where Jesus was going. (He contrasts the two thieves on the cross.) The disciples had that change of heart that allowed them to get there from here. Is your heart in true search-mode? The same principles that help us come to Christ initially are those that keep us growing: humility that says without Christ I can do nothing. Jesus says to the unbelieving Jews, ‘You can’t follow me. You can’t come…You are from below.’ We talk about Adam’s sin as the Fall. When you look below instead of above, to please yourself instead of God, it becomes a lifestyle. Adam turned to his own way. The whole world-system is under the control of the evil one. As long as we are of the world, we are under his control; we are focused on self and temporary things instead of eternal things. ‘Lord, don’t take me to heaven yet, I haven’t even been to Hawaii.’ That’s the mindset. Heaven is looked upon as an interruption to the good life. We might even have a vague thought that something good awaits all of us anyway. But when Jesus says, ‘I am not of this world,’ he calls us to be not of this world, but as passing through, as those whose real home lies above. It’s not wrong to be comfortable in this world. But this is temporary; we’re working to enjoy the next, working to lay up treasures in heaven. To find Jesus, to go where he was going, requires a changed heart and mind: ‘the renewing of your mind.’ In this passage, Jesus says that you can’t get there from here without transformation of heart and mind. The start of this is to believe, to trust in who Jesus said he was. Jesus is the Word, the power of God, the Creator of the universe, the Lamb of God given up for you and me, the Son of God, the ladder of access into heaven, the source of living water; he’s the Messiah, the Promised One, the Bread of Life, the Holy One, the light of the world who dispels the darkness and gives the light of life. We are without excuse, for we’ve been told who he is. The question is, ‘Who am I in relationship to who Jesus is?’ Are you eating the Bread of Life or have you rejected him and going away hungry? Are you getting your thirst quenched by living water? Or are you seeking to quench your thirst in cesspools that will never satisfy? We are all creatures of God, but not all children of God. Only those who believe Jesus and believe who he says he was are given the right to become children of God. Jesus says, ‘I have not come to condemn, but to save; I will let the Father witness to who I am.’ This happened at the crucifixion. Jesus’ life was a model for us; we are called to please the Father. Who are you? Do you recognize your need of Christ? And where are you going? Do you know for sure that you’ll be in his presence forevermore because you’re living in belief? If you can answer yes, you can say, ‘Yes, I can get there from here.’ (He closes in prayer.)   

Remarks: Mr. Lane seems to be a little off his delivery this time. But as usual, his sermon is cleaner than the sermons of most of his peers. There is no irreverent tone; there are no silly yarns and no crude jokes. And again, much of his content is commendable. He urges listeners to be humble seekers after God, ready to obey. Who Jesus Christ is and what he came to do is drawn out a bit by a recitation of the names given him in Scripture. Distinction is made, though not much beyond what the words themselves convey, between mere creatures of God and God’s children. (That little bit of surface information is more distinguishing than what we hear most everywhere else.) Comparing the fall with looking below instead of above is helpful, as far as it goes. Emphasizing unbelief as the basic, main sin is to hit an important mark. What will matter in the end is who you are in relationship to Jesus Christ. Who can argue with that? The best part of the sermon is the quote from Vance Havener: “We are not citizens of earth making our way to heaven; we are citizens of heaven passing through earth.”

That said, everything we just praised this pastor for is nothing but some of the bare bones of what the simplest part of any sermon should contain. There is nothing remarkable, for instance, in gathering the names of Jesus Christ together. You don’t have to be a minister to do that. Just open a Bible encyclopedia to the right page, and there you go. Praise should be reserved for remarkable things, not things that every Christian ought to know already. But we are determined not to be totally negative in these analyses. Therefore we must praise a pastor, time after time, for the bit of introductory Sunday-school theology that we’ve come to know as the highest divinity to proceed from our local pulpit. And imagine having to praise a pastor for not talking nonsense and for not doing buffoonery. Such praise should never need mentioning. To show that we are not faultfinding sermon cruisers, what else can we do? We go out of our way to find something to say a good word about.

Again, sadly but not surprisingly, the sermon deserves more censure than praise. For the sake of orderliness, the faults will be tackled by categories they seem to naturally fall under. (1) Lack of qualification. We won’t make too much of this first example, but just for the sake of what might have made this sermon more interesting through precision. It is true that the Pharisees were arrogant unbelievers. But it would be helpful to have this unbelief explained beyond the pastor’s statement that their unbelief was the unforgivable sin. John 9.41 gives us a qualifying nuance to their unbelief. Jesus says to them, “If ye were blind, ye should have no sin: but now ye say, we see; therefore your sin remaineth.” Matthew Henry’s comment: “It will be more tolerable with those that perish for lack of vision than with those that rebel against the light.” The Pharisees had a sort of vision. John 11.47 gives a further nuance. There the Pharisees admit that Jesus is doing many miracles. Matthew Henry’s comment about that: “They own the truth of Christ’s miracles, and that he had wrought many of them; they are therefore witnesses against themselves, for they acknowledge his credentials and yet deny his commission.” You can see by these two verses that even the Pharisees had a kind of surface belief. And so especially supposing that their unbelief was the unforgivable sin, these verses could be used to show that the Pharisees yet believed more than many of today’s infidels do. And then of course it could be suggested that there might be some churchgoers whose beliefs do not even come up to the level of this Pharisaic form of unbelief. This is the sort of research that naturally leads to preaching your text. Next, this world-system is indeed in the control of Satan. But in what sense? To what extent? We need to be told, for encouragement and for reverence to God, that though Satan may have so much of the world in the palm of his hand, yet he’s not so big as to be anywhere but in a palm himself. What needs to be qualified more than the dominion of Satan? A pastor should never leave that part out when speaking of Satan’s influence and control. Next, Jesus did say that he came not to condemn the world. But shouldn’t that be qualified with the fact that sinners stand condemned? You see in that omission Mr. Lane’s aversion to the doctrine of sinful depravity (which we will comment more upon after.) Next, Jesus did speak of the Father’s witness as that which would speak on his behalf. If you listen to Mr. Lane, though, that seems to be the whole story. He gives John 8.26 out as Jesus saying that he could defend himself to the Pharisees, but that he would leave that to his Father. Mr. Lane’s interpretation of this verse is out of balance with what we read of elsewhere in the gospel of John. The problem is that he makes his point and then leaves it at that. Should the fact of the Father’s witness to who Jesus was not be heavily qualified with the other fact that Jesus argued intensively and extensively for himself? Jesus arguing for himself is a prominent, regular feature in the gospel of John especially, and this is what Jesus is doing in the very portion that happens to be the pastor’s present text. Even the passage purported to be the text this sermon is based on has the qualifier we need: “I speak to the world those things which I have heard of him” (John 8.26.) This is Jesus saying that he will witness of himself, that he will argue his own case, in harmony with the Father’s voice, yes, but by his own mouth. Jesus says that the Father will witness to who he is, but he also says, “I am one that bear witness of myself” (John 8.18.) Jesus is arguing for himself in the same chapter and passage that this pastor is supposedly teaching on. And yet he gives it out as if Jesus will let the Father do all the arguing for him! Mr. Lane is willfully blind to the more uncomfortable aspects of who Jesus Christ is shown to be in Scripture, even when the text he is dealing with overflows with Jesus’ intensity. We know enough by now to be able to say that Mr. Lane doesn’t like to bring out the fiery side of Jesus Christ. He doesn’t like to do that. Jesus can only be gentle, kind, and compassionate, but not a debater! The agreeable aspect of Jesus is the part most people want and are comfortable with. Mr. Lane gives out the partial-truth people want, not the full truth people need. The truth can be right there in the passage, or even verse, that he is preaching on, but for the sake of what people want and for the sake of remaining comfortable himself, he will turn a blind eye to it and misrepresent the Lord he is in the pulpit to magnify the fullness of. Is that acceptable behavior in a pastor? Do we have to be content with that? 

(2) Lack of specificity. If it’s not wrong to be comfortable in this world, as this pastor says, then we should be told in what way this is so exactly. We need some specifics on this because there are ways of comfort that do not correspond with a lifestyle of laying up treasures in heaven. To state that it’s alright to be comfortable and to leave it at that is dangerous. What ways of comfort are alright? What levels? Professing Christians are pursuing modeling careers, or honing their hockey skills, or singing carnal songs in order to obtain the substance of their opinion that it’s not wrong to be comfortable. These are issues that are right before the pastor in the congregation being preached to. There is righteous comfort, and there is carnal comfort. To speak of it being okay to live comfortably and to let the matter fall is to drop your opportunity to speak to your people about the lifestyle particulars that church members and churchgoers need answers to and conviction about. What are these treasures we should lay up? And how do our comfortable lives thwart this being done? Answers to such questions contain the specific details that consciences could be pricked by the hearing of in order to obedience taking place. Along the same line might we comment on these cesspools that some drink out of instead of the living water they could get satisfied with. What cesspools? How can a pastor omit to tell us what these cesspools are? What an opportunity here to really preach! Drinking, drugs, pornography, sleeping around, cursing, gambling, tax cheating, slander, soap opera fantasies—these are all congregational cesspools. If drinking from them were preached against, some persons might be woken up to their want of sanctity and good works, others to their present condemned state and need of salvation. To speak of ‘cesspools’ without explanation will do nothing for no one; on the other hand, to preach what cesspools are will make people uncomfortable, which discomfort may be the beginning of spiritual thirst. Is the pastor too afraid or shy to preach specifically against sin? Sin can be preached against without getting dirty. The prophets did it. The Lord did it. The apostles did it. The Reformers and Puritans did it. It can be done. It must be done. Nice pastors keep sinners feeling good. It must be in their mission statement somewhere. Nice pastors make poor preachers. Next, hell is mentioned in a ‘by the way’ manner, but nothing specific is said on it. In a sermon about ‘where are you going?’ would it not be competent and merciful to give the people before you some facts and impression about their worst possible destination? Here’s the whole of what this nice pastor tells us about hell in this sermon about ‘where are you going?’ In the Jewish culture it was believed that if you committed suicide you would end up in Hades, a place of punishment, what we would call hell. Immediately following this insufficient information, he says, “Although Scripturally speaking, it’s not exactly accurate. But anyway, that’s what they had in mind.” Thank you for that brilliant clarification. It snuffs out any force that your hint might have carried! An equivocating sermon like this makes you crave certitude. It drives you elsewhere, or should. That’s its redeeming feature. Finally, having to believe comes through in this sermon. But what we need to believe is never specified. The sermon raises more questions than it gives answers. Just before his closing prayer, he challenges his listeners to ask themselves who they are. It’s your job to tell them who they are, Mr. Lane, the job you failed to do! You have to come down to specifics.

(3) Lack of basic truth. That is an odd censure for a fundamentalist pastor to be on the receiving end of, for Fundamentalists major in a few Bible basics and almost nothing else. Unconverted persons are lost, this is true. In the Bible the sinner is referred to as a lost sheep (Isaiah 53.6) And Jesus ‘is come to seek and to save that which was lost’ (Luke 19.10) The sinner, though, more fundamentally, is dead. This is why Jesus says to ‘let the dead bury their dead’ (Matthew 8.22); that is, to let the spiritually dead bury the physically dead. This is why Christians are called persons ‘alive from the dead’ (Romans 6.13.) But let’s go with this theme the sermon begins with, the biblical theme of a sinner being lost. Even then, it is possible and natural to get all the way back to God where our spiritual help must inevitably spring from, which is where the pastor does not take us. Mr. Lane teaches that man is lost and that the first thing he must do to remedy this is to change direction. Okay, from the perspective of man, this is correct. Sinners must be directed to turn around and place their trust in Christ. Repentance must be preached. But why not trace the lost theme to where it naturally leads, and where the Bible takes us? Does the lost soul not have to be found like in that verse just quoted from the gospel of Luke? Adam Clarke has this to say on the parable of the lost sheep in Luke 15: “No creature strays more easily than a sheep; none is more heedless; and none so incapable of finding its way back to the flock, when once gone astray: it will bleat for the flock, and still run in an opposite direction to the place where the flock is: this I have often noticed.” Now there is a lesson on the sinner being lost. Fallen man is like this lost sheep. If he will ‘get there from here,’ he must be sought, found, and driven. He must be recruited in order to ‘get there from here.’ If you preach that the sinner is lost, then it seems natural, does it not, to follow that up with his need of being found? And if you go so far as to preach that, you get all the way back to God and the sinner’s need of his gracious activity on the soul to save, which begins with his act of regeneration. You see how getting to the root of the matter naturally brings God into focus, for who can regenerate the dead but God? The countermeasure to being lost may be to change direction, and it is good to preach this. But is the countermeasure not also, and more basically, to be found? Later, Mr. Lane speaks of transformation of mind and heart and then defines this as believing, or faith. But to be transformed by the renewing of the mind has nothing to do with first believing, but with the sanctification that ought to, and must, follow from it (Romans 12.2), which transformation is made possible by that first sanctifying influence by the Holy Ghost, the renewal that we call regeneration. The lost soul’s most basic need is to be found by Jesus and to be quickened from the dead. What is it to be found by God and recovered by Christ but to have something gracious done to you by the Holy Spirit? There’s the renewing, or transformation, that is most basically necessary. To speak of faith as the first step in getting a renewed heart and mind is to entirely misunderstand the meaning of biblical transformation. Transformation speaks of sanctification, whether done to us in the regenerating act, or whether applied through obedience consequent to conversion. It has nothing to do with faith. By preaching the necessity of regeneration, which the lost theme naturally leads to, the sinner is apt to see and feel his utter need, which disturbance leads to faith. Mr. Lane does not preach the basics of human depravity, and because of this, he finds it little necessary to preach regeneration by God. He says that looking below can become our lifestyle. That’s not basic. We are born looking down (the doctrine of original sin.) That’s the basic truth; we are born in sin, which truth naturally leads to the necessity of being born again (the doctrine of regeneration.) You see what happens when you don’t do your spadework? when you don’t follow a creed? when you don’t integrate your text and theme? when you’ve dismissed all the good old theology because you think it’s too dry and dusty to be touched and read? You get a sermon that doesn’t get down to basics. You get a sermon without regeneration and the total depravity that necessitates it. You might cry instead of laugh if you read John Bunyan instead of Tony Campolo. But what is the work of ministry for? Is it to make the pastor happy and give him leisure? Or is it to make him concerned for his flock and to give him the best possible occasion to direct their souls aright? When you preach that a sinner needs just to seek after God with all his heart in order to find him and be safe, and you give him no information on how the right heart must first be obtained, you send him on a quest to find God through the disabled engine of his unregenerate soul. Jesus says, “Ye must be born again.” What is more basic than that? Repentance can be preached all by itself with some success. Faith can too. So can total depravity. But you have to at least get the doctrines right and then preach them, neither of which is done in this sermon. Sound doctrine always leads back to God. The sinner is born in sin and spiritually dead, not merely lost and involved in a sinful lifestyle. Preach the doctrine of sin, and from there the necessity for God becomes apparent. God’s part in the event called salvation is not only the main part, but the whole part, for the faith that Mr. Lane preaches sinners to get must itself come from God. Faith is a gift. Mr. Lane’s problem is a theological one, an ignorance, or negligence, of original sin, faith, and just how necessary God is. “The same principles that are involved in helping us come to Christ initially are the same principles that keep us growing in Christ,” he says. Then he names the principle of humility as the chief one he is referring to. But where does humility come from? He doesn’t go back that far. If he did, he would fall back on God, and sinners would be cast upon him to provide. There is no sense of God in this sermon because of this dead doctrine that sinful man is able to come to God unaided. We get no impression from this sermon that Mr. Lane is experiencing the power of God in his life. The atmosphere is as powerless as the doctrine is weak, which makes perfect sense. The sermon is not dug in because the pastor is little dug by God. The outcome is a method of salvation that doesn’t even come halfway to what the truth is. A sermon like this really could result in sinners thinking they are saved when in fact they are not. Souls who think they’ve secured a passage to heaven might not 'get there from here.'


Conclusion: Once again, Mr. Lane is trying to juggle preaching to the saved and the unsaved at the same time in the same sermon, which he does not have the giftedness nor the doctrinal understanding to do without dealing confusion to the souls he’d like to reach. He aims at no one specifically. That is one reason why he fails to come across. He ought to go one way or the other, preach to one segment or the other, or divide his sermon into parts in order to preach to each in turn, as we see well done in the sermons of Jonathan Edwards and R. M. M’Cheyne. There just isn’t any sense here of who Mr. Lane is trying particularly to address. The audience needs to be identified before one has a right to expect that the message might be used by God to prick a heart or at least stick someone in the craw. ‘Who are you?’ is one of the questions in the sermon’s title. But the pastor doesn’t even give an answer! Instead of giving an answer, he tells the souls who have come to listen that they must ask themselves the question! Someone could get a vague desire for heaven by this message. We’ll venture to believe as much as that. But Taliban sermons, as evil as they must be, do much more, for they make zealots out of ordinary sinners, don’t they? Taliban propaganda, as evil as it undoubtedly is, still produces followers who are hell-bent to obtain what they think heaven is. Mr. Lane’s ministerial apparatus would not compel a chicken to cross the road. The man is caring. He wants change to happen. (So do we. That’s why this analysis is being done.) But instead of holy conviction coming across, there is nothing but the proceeds of a dull speech. Another reason for his failure is that he attempts to address everyone, saved and unsaved, but without meddling with comfortable lives, and without sounding exclusive or offensive to any. The man need not marvel at why he can’t seem to get anywhere with his people. You can’t get there from here, Mr. Lane. You can’t get results until you preach at specific targets in order to penetrate and disturb them. Mr. Lane cannot handle preaching to two classes of people at once. And he doesn’t have the stomach to preach hurting doctrine. Both these reasons for his failure stem from his fear of singling sinners out. The third reason for his failure is a technical one. How can a pastor hope to hit any mark at all when the text chosen by him is not even followed? The technical cause for most, if not all, the errors in Mr. Lane’s work is his springboarding technique.  Here, for instance, he chooses a text, then instead of digging in to give us the gold, he generalizes on the content and hooks this content up to a preconceived theme that is not found there and then goes plucking elementary details from all over the Bible to try and polish up the fool’s gold that he got from his cursory, unstudied judgment. He does not unfold the truth in John 8.21-30. Because of this, he does not rely on the text to teach, but on his general acquaintance with the Bible and his own ingenuity, which are nothing to write home about. The text is about who Jesus is and where he was going, says Mr. Lane. But then he makes it about us, about who we are and where we are going (even though he gives us no answer.) Who we are and where we are going could have been an application of the exposition of who Jesus is and where he was going. But there is no cause from this text to make man central and primary. That is not how the text unfolds. In fact, consider this theme of being lost that he begins his sermon with. It is absolutely foreign to the text. Though the Pharisees were no doubt lost souls, no one is said to be lost there. This is how Mr. Lane gets in trouble. He has this idea to preach on being lost, which is not in the text, but then wants to preach on faith, which is in the text (John 8.24.) Mr. Lane begins his sermon by applying this theme of being lost. But notice, not only is this backwards, for we need doctrine first in order for application to be made, but application is being made on a theme that the text doesn’t even contain! This church prides itself on its supposed practice of expositing the Scriptures book by book. There is no exposition happening here. This is not exposition, but a commentary on a theme that is found outside the pastor’s text, wedded to some inadequate, sometimes false, remarks on the text in question. Take a look into volume one of Thomas Manton, or at any volume in the series on Romans by Martyn Lloyd-Jones. That is what exposition looks like. To make a preacher out of Mr. Lane (and this does not apply to him alone locally!), he would have to be made from scratch; he would have to be trained all over again. Is it not stunning in a dreadful way that a pastor at the close of his career is not yet clear on the fundamentals of religion and the basics of how to approach a text of Scripture? Is it not an outstanding travesty that he is one of the best of what Red Deer has got for pulpit-performance? These are the facts, ladies and gentlemen, sinners and saints, friends or foes—facts that cannot be denied once the many sermons that we’ve analyzed have been gotten through with the hard labor of fine scrutiny. We’ve done enough analyses now to be able to say these things with certainty and without fear of being shown wrong. The situation in the pulpits of Red Deer is as bad as we hear of it being all across Canada and America. It is typically wretched, poor, blind, and naked. The churchgoer cannot ground himself in truth by learning from a teacher like Mr. Lane. Teachers must be gotten out of the books this man has never read and probably will never crack the covers of. Refer yourself, reader, if you value your place in the kingdom of God, to the book lists on this blog. You must be taught by old school theology, or else you just might find (even though Mr. Lane believes otherwise) that ‘you can’t get there from here.’ 

Wednesday, November 28, 2012

VARIOUS AUTHORS, MEDIEVAL EUROPE (BOOK REPORT 17)

(One’s level of piety, whether devotional or practical, depends much on knowledge being either learned or misconceived. In these analyses we have made mention, occasionally, of books that either help or hinder the grand object of piety. It seems natural, consequently, to supplement the analyses, now and again, with correlating book reports.) 


GABOURY’S CRITICAL BOOK REPORT


C. Warren Hollister, Joe W. Leedom, Marc A. Meyer, David S. Spear, eds. Medieval Europe (New York: Knof, 1982), 246 pp.





Medieval Europe is a textbook, a Short Sourcebook of documents from the Middle Ages. Each document is prefaced by its headnote for the purpose of supplying context. And the Introduction includes pointers on how to test the believability of a text.

What is perhaps the chief pointer concerns the purpose for which a document was written. Since the Roman Church purposed to extinguish every church that dared to exist beside herself, we should suspect her documents that were written to discredit other churches. Rome’s Account of the Albigensian Heresy is one such suspicious document. From reading the abstract allegations put forward in there, you get a sense that heresies among the Albigensians were not easily dug up. Happily, in case the reader has forgotten to use the pointers learned about early on, warnings of disingenuous documents appear in the headnotes.

Roman Catholicism, not surprisingly in a book of this nature, will occupy a lot of space. Its version of the gospel (salvation by works, which never works) may be found in summary form often: ‘By living in obedience, in poverty, and in chastity’ or ‘obedience and reverence to Pope’ (p. 140.) Its ridiculous rage against the ‘heretic’ is a prominent feature as well: “Let him be numbered with the wicked who shall not rise on the day of judgment…let the power of all the saints in heaven confound him and show upon him in this life their evident vengeance….” (p. 152.) Rome’s rage appears ridiculous, not just because of its exaggerated degree, but because of the doctrinal faults in the curses themselves. The wicked will rise on the day of judgment, just like the saints will; and the saints in heaven do not have power on earth. The practical dregs of Rome may be read about alongside her false dogmas and powerless anathemas. Bernard of Clairvaux (1090-1153), a Roman Catholic abbot, admits that a certain monastery had been, not ‘a sanctuary of prayer and spiritual pursuits,’ but ‘a synagogue of Satan’ (p. 135.) There is a lot written between the lines there! His letter, in part, is a reproof regarding this. In light of Rome’s harlotries and haughty humor, maybe the most entertaining document of all is The Deposition of Gregory VII by Henry IV, even though Henry, an eleventh century Roman king, was guilty of hand-picking bishops. To Pope Gregory, this Holy Roman Emperor weighs in, “This is the way you have gained advancement in the church: through craft you have obtained wealth; through wealth you have obtained favor; through favor, the power of the sword; and through the power of the sword, the papal seat, which is the seat of peace; and then from the seat of peace you have expelled peace” (p. 155.) To this the Pope fires back, “I would rather have ended my days in exile than have obtained thy place by fraud or for worldly ambition” (p. 156.)

The earlier you go (if you delve back far enough), the less evil is the Roman Church. So Pope Gregory the Great (590-604) has some excellent insight into how to be all things to all people from the pulpit: “The gentle hissing that quiets horses incites puppies…Differently to be admonished are young and old men because for the most part severity of admonition directs the former to improvement, while kind remonstrance disposes the latter to better deeds….” (pp. 46, 47.) Along the same line are words penned by one priest to another (c. 723) regarding the attempted conversion of Germanic heathen: “At intervals you should compare their superstitions with our Christian doctrines, touching upon them from the flank, as it were, so that the pagans, thrown into confusion rather than angered, may be ashamed of their absurd ideas and may understand that their infamous ceremonies and fables are well known to us” (p. 65.) Maybe this gentle approach can work to convince, or at least enlighten, certain superstitious church-folks.

Islam is given the space of three documents, which I am thankful for because I was planning to read the Koran in order to gain some knowledge of that religion from its own literature. Having read these articles, my plan seems no longer necessary, nor profitable. The select passages from Sura 2 read like weak imitations of the Holy Bible, and some of the statements in there are self-defeating. If it says in Sura 2 (p. 54) to believe what was revealed to Jesus, why follow Allah and Mohammed since it was revealed to Jesus that he is the only way to the Father? If all Muslims obeyed select parts of the Koran, however, in not attacking first and in not compelling anyone to religion (p. 55), the world would be more peaceful. Women perhaps are respected somewhere in the Koran, I do not know, but not in the parts of it included here: “Women are your fields: go, then, into your fields as you please” (p. 55.) The Constitution of Medina from 622 is similarly dismissive and disrespectful: “A woman shall only be given protection with the consent of her family” (p. 58.) If the translations are trustworthy, it seems clear that the current abuse of women by Muslims might be sanctioned, and even driven, by their own ‘holy word’ and ‘Constitution.’ Since the New Testament supersedes most aspects of the civil law in force under Moses, there is nothing remotely approaching to, in the Christian religion, the oppression and injustice that are ratified against the weaker sex in the Koran. Not that the Old Testament endorses evil against women. The point is that the passages that are commonly cited from there for the proof of it are not in force. So there is no case to be made that the Christian and Muslim faiths agree concerning the treatment of women.

It should be obvious by now that a book like this is far from obsolete and that parts of it are singularly practical. Much more proof of this fact may be given. Is your conscience confused about whether you should give money to drug-addicted street-beggars who can work but refuse to do so? There is an answer for that in The Ordinance of Laborers from 1349, to the relief of your conscience and to improve your financial stewardship (p. 234.) Does Evolution seem too reasonable to dismiss as true? There is an irrefutable argument from the 13th century against theories like Evolution from reason alone (p. 203.) Do you think that systematic theology is a useless endeavor, and not worth your use? If you are a teachable sort, Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274) will sort you out about that, and you will be ashamed of your prejudice (p. 206.)

It is unusual for a reviewer to inject a story from his own life into his book report. But in consideration of the anti-intellectual mood of our moment, it is not unseasonable to do so. As briefly as I can, then, I will take you on a strange detour in defense of the relevance of systematic theology and of ancient books in general. I was scheduled to see a specialist on the day in question. My tendency is to be punctual so much that I leave myself ample time for getting ready to go where I am scheduled to be. As I was going through these motions that morning, my mind was directed, not just to a book of systematic doctrine, but to a systematic treatment on the person of Jesus Christ within such a book. I had read the lecture before, and had greatly enjoyed it, and now it was being suggested to me again very strongly. I took a look at the clock, and saw that I had just enough time to read that lecture before getting on my way. Later, while in the examination room with the physician, I was asked by him about how I occupy my time. When I told him that I studied theology, he confessed to me that he wished he had the time to do the same. He then requested that I answer his questions about Jesus while I was being examined. With that excellent, comprehensive lecture saturating my mind, I was well equipped to fulfill his request, and told this doctor about Jesus being both God and Man, having two distinct natures in one Person, etc. For about one half hour or so, I poured the knowledge out that I had so recently refreshed myself on, and then went home rejoicing all the way. God could have directed me to the Bible that morning. Or he could have bestowed the answers I would need straight from the Holy Spirit. Since God would rather employ the Christian in some labor, he does not usually flash into the mind the knowledge that we need. We must read; we must study. And God used a volume of systematic theology that morning because I needed the compressed knowledge of the disparate facts that are diffused throughout the Bible concerning the nature of Jesus Christ. The opinion of Aquinas in favor of systematic truth is approved by the providence of God in my own life that morning when I was led to reread a lecture from A. A. Hodge that was delivered by him over one hundred years ago, and which is now retained for us in that outstanding volume, Evangelical Theology. I do not doubt that similar blessings would be happening in God’s Church broadly if Christians would only get off the pabulum of the moment and into books that contain correct matter and mature knowledge that God can approve of. Systematic theology should always be in vogue. And a book approving of the same can never be wholly obsolete.

I hope that was a useful digression. Now to sum up the book report.  Because of the extracts I have made use of in this report, this volume of ancient literature might seem more arresting than it really is. Remember, this is a textbook. Like your typical textbook, this one suffers to some degree, from textbook dryness. It is worthwhile, but not wonderful; sometimes boring, sometimes interesting; deep in places, in other places shallow. Besides informing me on subjects as gloomy as the Black Death and as edifying as Natural Theology, it has led me to consider further exploration into literature from the bygone ages of medieval times. Dicuil’s letter on ‘ten questions of the art of grammar’ (c. 800) is probably long gone, but I might look for it; The Lives of the Caesars by Suetonius (b. 70 A. D.) is certainly available, and would be dark, enlightening, and gripping, probably; The History of my Misfortunes by Peter Abelard (1079-1142) I have already gotten to, and can recommend without shame.

Content: A- (Informative documents from medieval literature.)
     Style: A- (Not as dry as most textbooks.) 
     Tone: A- (A little cool.)
                       
Grading Table: A: a keeper: reread it; promote it; share it.
                         B: an average book: let it go.
                         C: read only if you have to.

Saturday, November 17, 2012

BERTRAND RUSSELL, WHY I AM NOT A CHRISTIAN (BOOK REPORT 16)

(One’s level of piety, whether devotional or practical, depends much on knowledge being either learned or misconceived. In these analyses we have made mention, occasionally, of books that either help or hinder the grand object of piety. It seems natural, consequently, to supplement the analyses, now and again, with correlating book reports.)

GABOURY'S CRITICAL BOOK REPORT 

Bertrand Russell, Why I am not a Christian and other Essays on Religion and Related Subjects (London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd., 1957), 225 pp.





Bertrand Russell’s Why I am not a Christian is not as intellectually forceful as I expected it to be. The essay is just a tiny trifling caricature of Christianity, apologetics, and the teachings of Christ. The sweeping statements that are made in there are not shown to be true by any historical testimony or statistic whatsoever. This tells us, either that Russell is ignorant of the facts, or that he hopes his readers are ignorant enough or willing enough to believe him regardless.

It is very doubtful that millions of women have been burnt upon suspicion of witchcraft, even by the Roman Church. And it is absolutely untrue that organized churches have consistently opposed: every improvement in criminal law, diminution of war, better treatment of colored races, mitigation of slavery, and “every moral progress that there has been in the world” (p. 15.) Such wild accusations issue from an angry protester, not a thoughtful, informed philosopher. Organized churches have opposed every moral progress? Who but an anti-religious zealot will believe this? And then, Russell’s interpretations of Christ’s teachings are no more accurate than what he claims is historical. Does the fact that Jesus preached about wailing and gnashing of teeth mean that he took pleasure in contemplating the end of the wicked? (p. 13.) Is it not a witness to Russell’s refusal to see himself as a guilty sinner that warnings of judgment are interpreted by him as the sadistic longings of a fanatic? The reason why Russell lampoons the whole Christian position comes down to his unwillingness to admit the biblical account regarding sin. He conveniently overlooks the fall of man in his assessment of the theist’s argument from design, and thus depicts the Christian’s God as a being who has been so far unable, even with all his omnipotence and omniscience, to produce in millions of years something more desirable than the Ku-Klux-Klan or the Fascists (pp. 6, 7.) And it is by overlooking the sin issue that he identifies the Christian as one who just believes a certain degree of dogma (p.2), rather than as one (not without dogma) who has turned from an unworthy life to trust in Christ. Russell’s misunderstanding of what a Christian is could be rectified by a Sunday school’s lesson on the fact and nature of sin. It seems obvious that his refusal to acknowledge sin is because of his desire to have sins, especially sexual sins like fornication and adultery, accepted by society as behavioral norms (pp. 55, 126.) One gets the impression, even from reading this little of what he has written, that Russell’s lust determines much of what he will believe as true. His complaint that sex ought not to be considered wicked anymore (p. 122) is an overstatement on the prudish factions that have called themselves Christian, calculated to elicit a knee-jerk acceptance of his immoral propositions. His essay, On Sexual Ethics, is a pontification on a matter he seems to have little knowledge of; there is no ground at all in there for the choices he would have society make. If bad desires are simplistically defined as whatever thwarts the desire of another (p. 61), then would that not be a bad desire to want to thwart the rapist’s desire to rape?

What makes these essays frustrating is not only Russell’s ignorance of what constitutes a Christian, but his misidentification of Christianity. Protestants and Catholics are often blurred when it suits Russell’s purpose to confuse; and then they are separated when it suits his purpose to do that. His position that ‘all the great religions of the world’ are ‘both untrue and harmful’ (Preface) arises from, I think, a settled dislike of moral codes that demand from men lifestyles of decency. Notwithstanding an unfriendly judgment of the man, it must be granted that some of his opinions are correct. It has ‘come about in time’ that women have gained sexual freedom [license] by the fadeout of the father figure and by their own financial independence (p. 126.) And it is coming to pass that the State is taking over the duties that have before fallen upon fathers, and that marriage is no longer customary (p. 132.) Russell predicted these things in 1936, and is partly responsible for their fulfillment. Let us not underestimate the influence an illogical intellectual can wreak when his purpose is to open a way for eager sinners to shamelessly quench their carnal appetites.

But Russell is not always illogical. He recognizes that since religions disagree, only one of them can be true (Preface.) And some of his observations are worth a look: Christians have been made ashamed of many of their traditional beliefs (p. 28); “the primary purpose of the State is clearly security against both internal criminals and external enemies” (p. 32); “persecution of opinion has an admirable effect upon literary style” (p. 90); a mixed up notion of sex may be due to its concern with our passions (p. 124.) All true. On the whole, though, these essays are frail (though influential.) And I think Russell embarrassingly fails in his piece called, Nice People, to give us a satire clever enough to be enjoyed. He is not, like Joseph Addison or E. B. White, an accomplished essayist.

I was happy to discover that two of the longer portions in this collection are among the best and most interesting. The transcript of the oral debate between Russell and Copleston (a Roman Catholic theologian, I think) on the existence of God is a brilliant attempt by the latter to convince an evasive hardened agnostic of the reality of something (Someone) to which philosophic probability naturally points. Russell’s weaknesses are more transparent in this debate than they are anywhere else. To irrefutable arguments proving beyond reasonable doubt, the existence of God, he glibly responds like so: “I do think the notion of the world having an explanation is a mistake” (p. 154.) What kind of rebuttal is that? It is no rebuttal at all, just denial. The other article of moment is an Appendix by Paul Edwards on the reasons why Bertrand Russell was prevented from teaching at City College in New York. By copious entries of what was said during this controversy, Edwards radically undermines his thirty-nine page defense of Russell. The following resolution that Senator Phelps introduced in the Legislature gives the nucleus of what the quarrel was about, “An advocate of barnyard morality is an unfit person to hold an important post in the educational system of our State at the expense of the tax-payers” (p. 189.) The judge agreed, though his ruling was not as colorfully put. The shiniest diamond in the rough, though, is lawyer Goldstein’s concise judgment of Russell’s philosophy (pp. 190, 191.) De Tocqueville’s Democracy in America recommends itself by the extracts culled by Russell.

On the whole, this is inferior philosophy bitterly communicated. These unsubstantial essays from a secular worldview contain much illogical thought, communicated with average ability, offered up in a spirit of hatred. It is a useful volume to read, however, for the sake of understanding the psyche of some hardened unbelievers, and because there is a debate included and a context supplied.


    Content: B (Unsubstantial essays from a secular worldview.)
       Style: B (A tangle of illogical thought and okay sentences.)
       Tone: B (Too much hatred too commonly articulated.)
                         
Grading Table: A: a keeper: reread it; promote it; share it.
                         B: an average book: let it go.
                         C: read only if you have to.

Monday, November 5, 2012

BALMORAL BIBLE CHAPEL, THE JOY OF EASTER (SERMON ANALYSIS 4)


June 2011

This is the fourth sermon by Mr. Lane that we have chosen to analyze. We listened by podcast.

Mr. Lane, Balmoral Bible Chapel, The Joy of Easter.

Summary: (He begins with a Tim Hortons anecdote, then, with the congregation standing, reads Matthew 28.1-10.) The joy of Easter. He is not here. He is risen. This is one of the great proclamations of the Bible. Without the resurrection, there is no Christianity. Christ’s resurrection is the seal of God on the redemptive work of Jesus Christ. (A) The Joy of Easter. This joy can be reduced to the promise of life. The shining part to the world around us is that we serve a living Saviour and that he’s in the world today. The thrust of the Bible is that we face life and death issues and choices. Through Adam we have come under a death sentence. Jesus’ plan is to lift that sentence from us. (He reads Deuteronomy 30.19, then from Psalm 116.) God wants us to pass from death into life, beginning here and on to forever. Our life here is temporary and physical, not abiding. John shows us that Jesus is the source of life and that this life is truly life. (He reads of life in Jesus Christ in John 11.25.) Life that is really life can only come from Jesus Christ. The resurrection is the proclamation that God has chosen life for us. And he pleads with us to choose life. Jesus is the life. That’s the joy of Easter. Easter is the celebration of joy in this new life. (B) The Worship of Easter. It’s about the worth of the one you are worshipping. It’s about surrendering to the holiness, power, greatness and majesty of the person worshipped. It’s an expression of commitment. It’s saying that my worth is tied up in you. We have no worth outside of Jesus Christ. Easter is a preview of the coming Day. (He reads from Philippians 2.) Every Sunday is a celebration of the resurrection. Easter reminds us of that. (He reads Acts 2.36.) To know Jesus as Saviour is to know him as Lord. (C) The confidence of Easter. Jesus has conquered death. That’s our confidence. Death is no longer the end for the Christian, but the doorway leading to God, to life eternal with Jesus Christ. (He reads 1 Corinthians 15.54.) This may sound good, but maybe you have not entered into the joy of that life. The deep-seated joy that God wants us to have comes with a condition. (He reads John 11.25.) You need to believe in Jesus Christ. That life is available to all of us. (He reads a touching story of a woman who regularly shared the Easter story with others.) Have a joyous Easter. And remember: don’t just rise; shine! 

Remarks: As in the first three sermons by Mr. Lane that we’ve reviewed, many Bible verses are read in this one. Mr. Lane reads very well. There is no comedy in the sermon; there are no digressions; everything is smoothly delivered. By the ‘rise and shine’ theme at the start and close, the sermon is neatly packaged. With all the Scripture focus, the subject of joy, and the invitation proffered to receive, what more from a sermon could one want? As neat and Scripture-filled as this sermon is, however, much more should be desired and much is wrong. As our discussion of this sermon progressed, we were surprised at how many concerns emerged and at how cast down we came to be by a sermon that seemed to come off without a hitch. We ended by sincerely praying that this man would wake up to his ministerial poverty and unbecoming timidity so that he might finish his career as an earnest preacher reaching out in agony for perishing souls. He’s not even remotely close to being moved like he should be. Mr. Lane needs to be affected. He must be made to feel. He needs to have his spirit agitated. He seems to have nothing in him of a mortal man preaching to mortal men who are on the edge of a questionable (not to God) eternity. This message is not a sermon. This is a commentary, with essay-like characteristics thrown in, which ends by an invitation to receive joy, the reception thereof he makes to depend on the emotionally-charged story that is tacked on at the end. This comprehensive, critical sentence will serve as our outline for getting our remarks into manageable form. (1) A sermon is not a commentary. By his own admission, Mr. Lane avoids crafting the traditional three-point sermon. But even when he gives in to the three-point structure, as he does this time, the message still ends up being nothing but a commentary! Many of us are familiar with those little manuals that dispense doctrines in summary paragraphs, to which are appended corresponding Scripture verses. There’s nothing wrong with books like that. If the doctrines are properly handled, then supported by verses that substantiate the author’s keen explanation of orthodoxy, books of that sort are excellent. But when a sermon reminds us of the kind of paragraph that books like these are filled with, then something’s wrong. We’re not saying that Mr. Lane plagiarized a paragraph from a book or anything. We’re saying that his sermon is like one of those paragraphs (structurally, not doctrinally, for Mr. Lane is not very doctrinal.) It’s like a paragraph out of a manual or a commentary, with verses added. And we’re saying that that kind of thing is not a sermon and that it does not go well with an invitation to receive.

(2) Furthermore, a sermon is not an essay. This ‘rise and shine’ motto that Mr. Lane gleaned from Tim Hortons and that he uses at the beginning and close of his message is fit for the essay, not the sermon. (He actually calls the notice of this motto a ‘theologically insight’; thankfully the remark is a somewhat facetious one.) A maneuver like this is done to give an essay an open and close that satisfies by charm. A sermon, on the other hand, opens with a text that is set in context, and closes with lessons from the text that are communicated with earnest love and terrible warning. We’ve listened to four sermons by this man so far. In each one, the same building blocks are set down, without nuance, depth, stimulus, force, or urgency. And this is exactly what you encounter in your typical elementary Fundamentalist essay. Wrapping a message up in a neat ‘rise and shine’ package is not going to make a sermon out of a commentary/essay hybrid. Incidentally, we get, easy enough, what the rise and shine motto means as pertaining to Christ. He is risen; and this event, because it corroborates all that he is and did, causes the whole truth of Christ to shine. But how does this rise and shine motto pertain to us? Mr. Lane tells us to rise and shine. But what does that mean? He tells us that we shine with the joy of the glory of the resurrection. But what more? If a motto is chosen to bookend your message, it must be developed some; otherwise the message fails even as an essay.

(3) An evangelical sermon is not supposed to invite sinners to receive joy, but Jesus Christ. Yes, the sermon is called The Joy of Easter. But joy is not what preachers are supposed to persuade sinners to crave. Preachers are supposed to make sinners crave the Lord Jesus as the vicarious solution for their sins, joy being, in all cases for those who repent and believe, the fruit of sins being pardoned. Mr. Lane is trying to woo sinners into heaven by enticing them with the joy of Christ. The doorway leading to God and eternal life with Jesus may sound good to you, he says. “But maybe you have not entered into the joy of that life.” Mr. Lane, not having entered into joy is not the fundamental issue, but Spiritual Death. Spiritually comatose people are on the broad road leading to an everlasting misery they will be very conscious of. This is the issue. With all the peace and affluence that sinners enjoy in calm Canada, the prospect of greater joy will hardly move them to exchange an abiding curse of spiritual death for life everlasting! The issue is not that sinners need more joy. The issue is that they are being frowned upon by Almighty God on account of their dirty lifestyles and filthy acts, their dark minds and their cursing mouths, their vicious tendencies and stubborn hearts, and their practical atheism. You don’t exhort sinners to look to joy to resolve all of this! You bring them with hands full of sin straight to the cross! You bring them there to get guilt removed and to get sin pinned up. The sanctifying influence resulting from this journey to the cross begins Christian joy. Joy is an effect. Joy is not what you look for. Joy is the effect of having found what you’ve been looking for: forgiveness and pardon that will keep you from being consigned to the torments of everlasting hell. A serious pastor will beseech you to seek after God’s pardon. You see what happens when a pastor is afraid to preach sin that needs to be atoned for, when he is afraid to speak of condemnation that leads to hell. Instead of preaching sin and Christ, he passes over sin completely (not one sin is charged to anyone in this sermon) and preaches an affection (this time joy) instead of the Saviour that every sinner needs. This is not Christ-centered preaching. And, as usual, the timid (our soft word for ‘chicken’) pastor makes no distinction between the saved and the lost, even at the yearly Easter sermon when unconverted souls are all around! The most that Mr. Lane can bring himself to do is proffer joy to sinners who are smug and happy to remain as they are. This call to believe in Jesus in order to get joy undermines the only hard-line truth the pastor was brave enough to utter, the one about persons having no worth outside of Jesus Christ. Mr. Lane, why couldn’t a person have worth, after all, if his need is, as you say, joy? A sad person is not necessarily worthless. If man’s need is love and pardon from God, however, on account of his present hatred of the Almighty, then indeed he must be worthless. Joy is not the remedy for worthlessness, but the outcome of the remedy applied. The obedience of Christ to God is for worthless sinners to benefit from through faith. There’s the remedy. Joy comes after. True, Mr. Lane speaks of choosing life that comes from Jesus. And he speaks of choosing life, which is Christ. He states these things plainly. But the point is that when he attempts to preach, when he attempts to get persons through the door, it is not Jesus he persuades the sinners before him to reach for, but joy. And then he says that believing Jesus is in order to getting this deep-seated joy. He makes the getting of Jesus defer to the getting of joy, the getting of sins forgiven subservient to the joy that would result therefrom. Theology like this is just a little self-centered and backwards! How about preaching Christ in order for sinners to be forgiven their hell-condemning sins? Then someone might be awoken to his need! People who have no worth outside of Christ need to hear something a little more revolutionary than that they must enter into joy! If the gospel message is reduced to believing on Jesus just to get at joy, a sinner will remain as hard as stone to rest content in the joy he already has. Such a sinner might well reason like so: ‘Am I really depressed enough to accept this bit of extra joy Mr. Lane is offering?’ Not being made to see and feel that he is presently preserved for nothing but hellfire forever, the hardened sinner may yet be quite happy; drawing before that sinner what will appear to him as a carrot of joy is not likely to make him jump at an offer to believe in Jesus. Mr. Lane does not show nor preach the necessity of belief. He tries to allure sinners into belief by preaching the consequence of it (joy.) What he should do is preach sin and Christ in order for belief to occur unto joy. His method is weak and backwards; we believe it is on account of his fear of preaching sin and of having to call the sins of sinners out of darkness and into the plain light of day. That would not be fun for him to do. It would be very uncomfortable for a nice, gentle pastor like him to be forward, negative, candid, and ‘preachy.’ He will preach askew, askance, and awry in order not to offend happy sinners, even if it means these self-contented souls will miss, not only joy, but Jesus, heaven, bliss, and the everlasting prevention of unutterable misery! This pastor’s fear of sinful man has the most dreadful consequences! This is why we pull no punches. 

About mid-sermon he mentions how his children used to get excited playing Easter—how they used to run about banging on doors, yelling, ‘He is risen; he is risen.’ Now this was the moment of opportunity; Mr. Lane could have snapped into reality right then; he might have come to himself; he might have been shaken out of his utopian dream; he might have begun to solemnly preach. Have all his children continued to believe in the resurrection? Should this question not have descended upon him? We wonder if it did. Do any of his children live in sin today? Is one of them not agnostic? Not that a pastor should use one’s children in a sermon in this way—we do not advocate that. But if you will speak of your children in the context of their experience of the resurrection, why not take the opportunity that telling the whole truth would give you? Why even mention an anecdote like that without telling us how it turned out?—without telling us about feigned belief, agnosticism, and the non-Christian lifestyle? Is it not negligent, cold, dishonest, and willfully blind to paint a portrait of one’s children that is, regarding one, or perhaps even some, of them, no longer representative of the truth? This is painfully personal. But we mention these facts to point out this pastor’s refusal to preach or believe anything but a good turnout. He refuses to look at the bad side of things. A conscientious man used to attend this church. At one time he was an elder there. What became of his post? When it became obvious that just one of his children had gone astray, he took 1 Timothy 3.5 seriously, and resigned. Has Mr. Lane wrestled with this verse?   

On the strength of his anecdote about his kids yelling ‘he’s alive; he’s alive,’ Mr. Lane says that’s the kind of excitement we should have today and that we should exhibit to the world around us. This whole idea of getting excited about the resurrection of Christ needs to be examined. When the disciples learned that Jesus had risen from the dead, they cried, they ran, they jumped for joy with shouts and acclamation. This would be the case with us if we’d believed on the Man Christ Jesus back then, if we’d followed, listened, served, questioned, and loved him, then found him suddenly to be alive after a Roman crucifixion that seemed to have put an end to him forever. But this is not our case. We did not know him on the ground of his Palestinian ministry. To force guilt upon us for not acting as the disciples of his day did is an unfair, ignorant persuasion. Contemporaries of Christ acted in a way at the news of his resurrection that persons thousands of years removed honestly cannot; and we should not be expected to imitate first century Christians in this way concerning this matter. It would be nothing more or nothing less than a revolting excitement to God if we tried, for our excited manner would be loaded with pretence. Getting your kids to knock on doors and shout ‘he’s alive, he’s alive’ may be cute. But this action of theirs is nothing but theatrics. And we should never imitate that. We should never be insincere about sacred events. Suppose the friends of Abraham Lincoln had been told that he who they thought was dead had just been resuscitated. You can imagine a certain kind of joyful excitement resulting from this news, an exuberant effect not unlike (though this would be because of an infinitely inferior event) what the disciples exhibited upon receiving the good news that Jesus was alive from the dead. Now suppose that one century later some foreigners are brought to believe in the Yankee, abolitionist ideal, and that part of the teaching involves the historical detail that Lincoln was resuscitated in spite of a seemingly deadly bullet wound to the back of the head. Would the foreigners’ excitement be of the same character as that exhibited by the actual friends of Lincoln, the friends who were there when the shot was fired and who heard firsthand the news of his resuscitation? No one would expect these later foreigners to act as the 19th century Yankees would have acted. The foreigners would experience a peaceful kind of joy at such news; such news would not produce in them, just as the resurrection does not produce in 21st century Christians, the kind of excitation that would result from seeing one’s risen Master standing there in the flesh. We did not see Jesus perform miracles and heal the sick. We simply cannot be caught up in the rush and fever that the apostles were in when they discovered that their crucified Lord was risen from the dead. That is not possible. We were not there. We did not know him as one knows a neighbor. Christians should not be goaded into a behavior they would have to ‘uncentury’ themselves to honestly display. “Now therefore why tempt ye God, to put a yoke upon the neck of the disciples” (Acts 15.10.) Yes, we should have joy, even ‘joy unspeakable’ because of the glorious prospect that the resurrection of Christ seals to believers. No convert, however, should be told he needs to react as Peter did when he was running to the empty tomb, or like Joanna and the two Marys did when they rushed to tell “these things unto the eleven” (Luke 24.9.) It is a sin to put a Christian on a guilt-trip like that. It is a yoke upon the neck. “And they went out quickly, and fled from the sepulchre; for they trembled and were amazed” (Mark 16.8.) Christians of our day don’t get this reaction from the resurrection. Nor should we. And to my knowledge no modern-day convert ever has. This reaction can be pretended, nothing more. Looking more closely, let us ask toward whom the disciples’ excitement was directed? To other disciples was it directed—to no one else. The fact of the resurrection was first told “unto the apostles” (Luke 24.10.) Yet we are urged in 2011 to get excited exactly like these earliest disciples did (errant advise in itself), and to get excited like this before sinners who have absolutely no interest in Christ’s resurrection! That’s a good way to get a lot of disciples of our day ‘certified.’ Only after the initial news had sunk in, only after their excited hearts had begun to pump down a little, did these first disciples go out and preach beyond their group the resurrection. The women are told to “go quickly, and tell his disciples that he is risen from the dead” (Matthew 28.7.) Then the disciples gather together. Only after that are they given the formal commission. The sequence of events is the same in all four gospel accounts. They did not go out preaching to any and all in the fervor of Peter’s running to the tomb. Neither can we. Neither should we. That said, one must nevertheless go a-preaching with something more than the calm charm that Mr. Lane goes out with! Soothing mildness will do no more for the unconverted soul than a milky-white tablet of Tums will do for the tummy. In either case, no inborn infirmity will be cured; it will be whitewashed for awhile, that’s all.

(4) An emotionally-charged story is not supposed to be the coup-de-grace of a sermon. What Mr. Lane is trying to do is make the story he closes with do the job his non-preaching style can only fail to do. Instead of a stirring finish by actual preaching, he ends by reading a heart-warmer story from a book. And so instead of convicting and warning, he comforts and tranquilizes the very persons he regards as those who need to fly to Jesus for salvation. Not only does he try to make someone else’s story do his preaching for him, but that story is not much more convincing of sin than Mr. Lane’s own message. The story is more affecting than the sermon, or the most affecting part of it, being like point four of the sermon or something. But the whole effort amounts to this: The pastor tries to emotionalize people into the joy of the Lord after they’ve been given no knowledge of their desperate condition and barely a crumb of insight into the nature and deeds of Christ—and this is the evangelistic height that is attained by a pastor who is thoroughly compromising and unassertive in the sphere of work he believes God has ordained him to. He fears man too much to make man fear God. That’s why he soft-peddles doctrine, passes over sin, and bypasses the cross when preaching to sinners needing to be saved. 

Intimately connected with this fear is a weak, contradictory system of theology. Mr. Lane says that God has chosen life for us but that he also pleads with us to choose life. God does plead with sinners, through preaching and the word. But if God, who is all-powerful, had chosen life for all, then all men would choose life. The Bible tells us that many sinners go to hell. This is consistent with the fact that God has not chosen all for life. Pharaoh and Esau are the proof of particular election (Romans 9.) We will soon upload a sermon sketch or two on this important biblical doctrine. 

Conclusion: The lesson we take away from this message is that we should believe in Jesus on the basis that life will be more joyful as a consequence. Easter, says Mr. Lane, is to remind us that every Sunday is about resurrection. But if every Sunday is about the resurrection, why this Easter Sunday above all the rest? Why a special Easter Sunday service? It’s not like Mr. Lane is going to actually preach to the unbelievers who come on that special reminder day! Think about this: A fireman calls certain homeowners over to the stationhouse to save them from the condemned dwellings they presently reside in. But when they come to him, he only tells them about the joy they can have by living elsewhere. He doesn’t have the heart to tell them that their roofs are ready to fall on their heads. The news is just too ghastly to tell. That’s what this sermon is like. Can Mr. Lane, in his quiet moments alone with God, honestly say, like certain preachers of old, that he has preached so as not to have the blood of men’s souls drip from his hands? If he can, he is clued-out concerning his obligation to minister, without restraint, the full counsel of God. Hopefully, he is not hardened beyond repair against improving on his ministerial duties. But, like the last quick swirls of water that go down the sink, his time is getting away. Has he run the race behind that pulpit? Has he fought the fight of a man commissioned by God to preach the whole truth, in both its pleasing and disturbing aspects? This man is not discharging his pulpit responsibilities, not very much at all! Through silly, saucy, self-important, spiritless 20th century theology, our present stock of ministers, not just here but throughout the world, have been misled into thinking that a half-hearted, half-baked, half-gospel will do. It will not do! It has done next to nothing, and more damage than good in some instances. Knowledge of sin, shame, and judgment is the responsibility of preachers to convey. Until this groundwork is done, one cannot build on the Rock (not that our pastors would know how to do that either!) The only remedy is to plead for new pastors from better seminaries, or for God to put the present batch of pastors through a prolonged experience of seclusion and suffering in order to arrest their attention and direct their hearts and minds to the essential things of God. What can we do until that happens except study, not just read, our Bibles, apply what we should and can, look to God earnestly and regularly, get our instruction from better books than petty pastors read, and then influence others? Pews full of people are under the judgment of God, no matter what out modern preachers tell us about the age of grace we are in. Rootless, worldly spirituality leading to religious ruin is being administered from the very stations (our pulpits) that churchgoers flock to every Sunday to get their blessing. This is the general truth of our sorry situation. The kind of preaching reviewed here is what perpetuates the ‘I’m spiritual, not religious’ crowd. This preaching is a kind of spiritual opiate for unconverted people and stunted Christians. The faithful, competent, awakened pastor knows this. And he preaches, instead, a full word of love and warning, mercy and misery, heaven and hell, sin and grace, joy and gloom, bliss and torment. In other words, he preaches both law and gospel, carefully distinguishing between the two, in consideration of all the kinds of people, be they unregenerate or converted, who are present before him. He is a rare bird that can, and will, do this. The faithful, full-counsel preacher of God’s word is more rare in Red Deer than the sighting of an oriole in Oriole Park!  



Tuesday, October 23, 2012

ISRAEL IN EGYPT (SERMON SKETCH 7)

(Because of the wretched state of Red Deer’s pulpit space, it is now, as predicted by Solomon in Ecclesiastes 3, the time to ‘pluck up that which is planted…a time to break down…a time to weep…a time to cast away stones’ and even ‘a time to refrain from embracing.’ And it is certainly more ‘a time to speak’ than ‘a time to keep silence.’ Be that as it may, the wrecking ball of negative criticism should be followed by the laying down of truth. To this end, we introduce the sermon sketch as an intermittent blog feature. As the term ‘sketch’ implies, this kind of post, in distinction from the usually lengthy analysis, will be pithy. The source for each sketch will be indicated at the bottom of each post.) 

Israel in Egypt

“And they sing the song of Moses the servant of God, and the song of the Lamb” (Revelation 15.3.)


Introduction. “The song of Moses the servant of God, and the song of the Lamb.” The clause—‘the servant of God'—is inserted by the Holy Spirit to guard the honor of our blessed Lord. Moses’ song is united to the Lord’s in order to show that the glorious overthrow of Pharaoh at the Red Sea symbolized the total destruction of Satan and his host at the great battle of the Lord. There will be a song of triumph then, just as in Moses’ day. Here are three parallels.

(1) The Position of the Children of Israel, Symbolic of our Own. Like the vast host of Israel, the Church of God has been delivered from bondage, from being slaves of sin and Satan in our natural state. The iron yoke is taken from our necks; we no longer serve our lusts and the tyrant of sin. Joyfully we pursue our way through the wilderness. But we are pursued by Pharaoh, and some of us would almost give up and go back. We are not in Canaan yet, though we have tasted a few sweets from there. We are commanded to go forward through the Sea, until the last of us is safe on the other side. Then the world will suddenly be destroyed.

(2) The Triumph of Moses, a Picture of the Triumph of the Lamb. Now the song of Moses was sung by the side of the sea, which was glassy, and still, with the enemies all sunken to the bottom of it like a stone. The sea upon which God’s people shall walk shall seem to be a sea that is clear, while down in its hollow bosom shall be the horrid depths where the wicked must for ever dwell in the fire—and so we have in Revelation the statement, “a sea of glass mingled with fire.” One reason why Moses sung this song was because all Israel were safe. I strongly believe that there will be cause for singing again, just because of all the safety of the Church. As many as God has chosen, and Christ redeemed, and the Spirit called, as many as believe, shall arrive safe across the stream. The rearguard shall soon be where the vanguard already is. Every last one of God’s elect will one day stand upon the shore. The song would be unpleasant if it were not so. Perhaps the major part of Moses’ joy lay in the destruction of all the enemies of God. “The horse and his rider hath he thrown into the sea.” And you wait awhile—there will be singing by us on account of the end of Rome, Mohammed, the Secularist, and all Idolatries.

(3) Similarities between the two Songs. I think one might well have chosen to be a slave in Egypt, just to have stood in that mighty host who sung such mighty praise. Note, the praise was all to Jehovah, not even a word for Moses, the great lawgiver and miracle maker. And the last song will be wholly to Jehovah too. Even Luther and Whitefield will be like stars that refuse to shine when the sun appears. Note, the song of Moses describes the attack of Pharaoh—it is part of the song. A song is made out of the wrath of Pharaoh. And it shall be so at the last. The wrath of man shall praise God. Yes, fury, hatred, and weapons, all shall be woven into a song. Smite on, smite on, tyrant! The harder your blows, the sweeter our song, and all the worse for you in the end. And note, the emphasis in Moses’ song, “not one”—not one enemy left. And how easy is the overthrow! God, not us, causes his enemies to be “as still as a stone.” Then “the Lord shall reign for ever and ever”—O! may we be there to sing this!

Selection from Conclusion. “May God bless you, and give you all to taste of his salvation, that you may stand upon the sea of glass, and not have to feel the terrors of the mingled fire in the lower depths thereof! God Almighty bless this vast assembly, for Jesus’ sake.”

{This sermon by C. H. Spurgeon (1834-1892) is sketched by M. H. Gaboury.}